Filament structure of synthetic ligaments – Biomechanical and histological importance – Mc Gill – 1999
Combine tension, flexion and torsion. Flexion and torsion vary with direction and placement of the tunnels but cannot be eliminated. Synthetic ligaments must be adapted to these types of stresses.
The previous ligaments were ail braided, woven or knitted. Tests were done on knee mechanical simulators reproducing torsion and flexion. They demonstrated that the ruptures were occuring at the crossing of the fiber’s by a reciprocal shearing process of one fiber on the other And this shearing process was inducing microparicules. It was concluded that the crossing of fibers had to be eliminated to increase the resistance to torsion and flexion.
Reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament rupture and posterolateral instability with synthetic ligaments – Surgical techniques in Orthopaedics and Traumatologie – J.P. Laboureau – 2001)
The principle of internal ligament fixation : If we base the results of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction using autografts or allografts on accurate radiolaximetry, the mechanical efficiency is poor. Objective good mechanical results 12, +, 6, 10, 131 hardly attain 50% in the best of cases. Autogenous transplants require a postoperative period of rest, due to long periods of weaknessess related to collagen transformation and revascularisation. From the start, PCL reconstructions must resist gravity and permanent hamstring action.
